Addresses & PDAs

How Solana derives program-controlled addresses and associated token accounts from seeds.

Associated Token Account (ATA) Derivation

Associated Token Account Program

The deterministic PDA that holds a given wallet's balance of a given token. Derived from [wallet, token_program, mint] under the ATA program, so any tool can compute it without an on-chain lookup.

Explore

Canonical Bumps

Addressing · 1 bytes

The bump is the single byte that nudges a PDA off the ed25519 curve. The canonical bump is the first one found counting down from 255 — and using anything else is a security bug.

Explore

PDA Derivation

Addressing

How a Program Derived Address is computed — SHA-256 over seeds, a bump byte, the program id, and a marker string, with the result forced off the ed25519 curve so no private key can exist for it.

Explore